Elder abuse or mistreatment is a growing problem.  According to the 2003 National Academy of Sciences' Study Elder Mistreatment: Abuse Neglect, and Exploitation in an Aging America approximately 1 to 2 million Americans age 65 or older have been injured, exploited, or otherwise mistreated by someone on whom they depended for care or protection.  Some studies suggest that the actual number of elder abuse cases is much higher, but that many cases go unreported or remain hidden.

What is elder abuse?
Elder abuse refers to any knowing, intentional, or negligent act by a caregiver or any other person that causes harm or a serious risk of harm to an older adult.

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Who are the abusers of older people?
Family members are most often the perpetrators of elder abuse and mistreatment with spouses being the most common abusers followed by adult children. Neglect is the most common form of abuse perpetrated by family members.

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Who is at risk?
While elder abuse happens across all social economic and racial lines, social isolation and mental impairment (such as dementia or Alzheimer's disease) are two factors that may make an older person more vulnerable to abuse. In some situations, studies show that living with someone else (a caregiver or a friend) may increase the chances for abuse to occur. A history of domestic violence may also make a senior more susceptible to abuse.

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What are the warning signs of elder abuse?
While one sign does not necessarily indicate abuse, some tell-tale signs that there could be a problem are:

• Bruises, pressure marks, broken bones, abrasions, and burns may be an indication of physical abuse, neglect, or mistreatment.

• Unexplained withdrawal from normal activities, a sudden change in alertness, and unusual depression may be indicators of emotional abuse.

• Bruises around the breasts or genital area can occur from sexual abuse.

• Sudden changes in financial situations may be the result of exploitation.

• Bedsores, unattended medical needs, poor hygiene, and unusual weight loss are indicators of possible neglect.

• Behavior such as belittling, threats, and other uses of power and control by spouses are indicators of verbal or emotional abuse.

• Strained or tense relationships, frequent arguments between the caregiver and elderly person are also signs.

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What should you do if you or someone you know is being abused?
If the danger is immediate or life threatening, call 9-1-1 immediately. 

If the danger is not immediate, but you suspect that abuse has occurred or is occurring, please tell someone. Most victims of elder abuse suffer in silence and may need the help of others to make the abuse stop. Relay your concerns to the Department of Social Services Elderly Protective Services: 203-974-8029 or
203-974-8030; contact one of the Elder Response Team agencies, or contact the police.

If you have been the victim of abuse, exploitation, or neglect, you are not alone. Many people care and can help. Please tell your doctor, a friend, or a family member you trust; call or contact one of the Elder Response Team agencies or the police.

Source: National Center on Elder Abuse
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